【 Weak current college 】 building energy saving way of water supply and drainage

Summary: the architectural concept of water supply and waste water-saving and significance, describes the architecture of the main energy-saving water supply and sewerage. From the water supply, drainage, water, cooling water, fire and drainage, automatic control and measurement, etc., on the main way of energy conservation, water supply and drainage for building energy-saving building a set of basic framework, and discusses energy and function, water conservation, economic relationship.


0 introduction
Energy saving is the economic development of important national policy. Construction of water supply and drainage of energy saving is in the building planning, design, new (reconstruction, expansion), transformation and use of, the energy saving standard, using energy-saving building technology, process, equipment, materials and products to improve system efficiency and thermal insulation properties, this thesis by carefree thesis NET www.51lunwen.com finishing strengthen building operation and management of energy systems, the use of renewable energy, to ensure building drainage function and the quality of the environment, reduce energy consumption of water supply and sewerage system. Construction of water supply and drainage of energy consumption while building energy consumption, the proportion of, reducing its use of energy, energy efficiency, conserve water, improve the efficiency of the design system, protection of the environment. Therefore, the importance of building energy-saving way to water supply and sewerage, the study of building energy efficiency will have a positive meaning.

1 building the basis for water-saving
Building energy-saving design standard is the basic technologies of energy saving building, is the realization of building energy saving target of basic requirements, including the mandatory provisions of the main energy-saving measures, thermal performance, energy consumption index limits, taking into account the economic and social benefits, requirements, must be strictly enforced. Construction and drainage professional in the main building energy-saving design based on the rules and regulations, norms, standards are: the People's Republic of China Energy Conservation Act, the People's Republic of China Building Act, the People's Republic of China renewable energy law, Ministry of the civil construction energy conservation management regulations "," public building energy-saving design standards "GB50189-2005, the public building energy-saving design standards" DBJ01-621-2005 (Beijing local standards), the public building energy-saving design standards "DGJ08-107-2004 (Shanghai local standards), the civil construction energy conservation design standards" JGJ26-95, the residential building code "GB50368-2005, the residential building energy efficiency test and evaluation standards for DG/TJ08-801-2004 (Shanghai local standards), the residential design standards" DGJ08-20-2007 (Shanghai local standards), the construction of water supply and drainage design code GB50015-2003, the construction of water supply and sewerage and heating engineering construction quality approval code GB50242-2002, the civil building solar water heating systems application specification GB50364-2005, the wastewater reclamation and reuse engineering design specifications "GB50335-2002, the building in the Shui design code GB50336-2002, the municipal sewage reuse design code CECS61-1994, the building and plot of rainwater utilization project specification GB50400-2006, the saving water apparatus" CJ164-2002, the green building evaluation standards GB/T50378-2006. Currently involves the construction of water supply and drainage area energy conservation standards, but with energy-saving requirements, energy-saving building water drainage will gradually be increased, the standards will continue to improve.

2 energy-saving building water drainage channels of

2.1 water
Reasonable determination of water consumption (including cold water, hot water and others) fixed. Strict implementation of the water supply and drainage design code of domestic water consumption quotas not water the better. Joint design of water supply system. Main can be achieved through the following methods: to take full advantage of the municipal network of pressure, direct water supply; reasonable for vertical partitions, balancing water point pressure; the use of partitions in parallel to the water pump, minimize pressure relief valve setting; recommended supporting decompression as energy and water saving measures, reducing the water point of water under pressure; reasonable to set the location of the living water, minimize the set depth to reduce pump lifting height; priority pool-water-cistern. Promote the use of water-saving sanitary ware. If restrictions health apparatus outflow of head, infrared sensor faucet and toilet, etc, should not be used without control flower tube, long flowing of water trough. Reasonable to adopt the frequency conversion water supply pump group. When using frequency pump water, should give priority to the use of frequency varying pressure flow of water, its energy-saving effect is better than the variable and constant pressure variable flow; water-supply mode when using frequency constant pressure variable flow, pressure setting should be close to the water pump power frequency runtime efficiency section-head of the lower limit; working pump should use 2 or 2 above, different grading work flow of the pump should be 1/2 flow ladder, the size of the pump should be adopted with the form, and set pressure tank low flow water. When municipal conditions allow, the use of laminating equipment for water supply. Conditions, you should select at least one renewable energy (wind, solar, hydropower, biomass, geothermal energy, ocean energy, and other non-fossil energy sources), hot water supply for buildings. Hot water use can use solar energy, water sourceheat pump and heat pump technology. In adopting water-source heat pump and heat pump technology, not on the water and soil pollution and waste. Such as the use of underground geothermal heating and cooling system automatically source is through surface, or groundwater as carrier will coil buried in the soil to coil inside of the media as the carrier, the geothermal heat source to the water source heat pumps for energy conversion, winter output 45 ~ 65 ° c water. In the use of solar energy, conditional use solar thermal technology, solar water heating system works in conjunction with architectural argument should be the geographical location. Solar cycle can be used to force type, natural circulation solar water heater and DC solar water heater. Solar water heaters should have a temperature control device and be reasonable control and set the temperature of hot water. Solar hot water systems for thermal energy utilization and water-saving technologies should also be mutual knotHop. Solar water heaters can be used as the pre heating hot water supply, can be located in front of the other heat exchangers. Hot water circulation system should machinery to meet the water points of water-saving requirements. Rational design of hot water supply system. Strengthen the collection and use of waste heat (including industrial waste, waste heat, smoke, gas heat, steam condensate recovery of energy, hot air and cascade use), conditional regions can adopt urban heating network or regional boiler room of hot water or steam for heat. You can use dedicated steam or hot water boiler fabrication heat source, or fuel oil, gas, heat or hot water unit supplied directly to the preparation of domestic hot water. Local power supply to the wealthier regions or encourage the use of low power at night, you can use energy as heat or direct preparation of hot water. From the technical reliability and economical point of view, it should be a reasonable configuration combinations of different proportion of the heat source. On long-distance centralized hot water system for a small amount of hot local heating method can be used on different places you can; use different heat formality. Hot water supply system water temperature should be controlled at 55 ~ 60 ℃. Hot water should be reasonably determined quota, water consumption, heat loss, water temperature, and water heating system in basic design parameters. Hot water supply pipe network use feedwater backwater of reverse return. When using electricity as heat source, the use of reservoirs of hot water heater to reduce power consumption. Hot water supply system to reduce hot water supply time and increase machine cycle, and balance of water and hot water. For cogeneration technology engineering, priority should be given.
2.2 drainage and storm water
① drainage should try to use gravity drainage. This thesis by carefree thesis NET www.51lunwen.com finishing ② sewage pipe laying emissions should be approached, and the pressure should be avoided. ③ the utilization in the water. ④ use air-conditioning condensation water drainage. ⑤ steam condensate recovery. ⑥ rainwater collection and comprehensive utilization.
2.3 cooling water and fire water system
Cooling water suitable for recycling, reuse of water. The water conditions permitting, you can use river water, river water, lake water, sea water, groundwater, etc as cooling water. Reasonable selection of cooling towers. In air wet-bulb temperature is lower in dry areas, the design calculation to increase cooling water temperature and water, to reduce the circulation of water and energy consumption of the circulating pump, narrow diameter of circular pipe. Rational arrangement of cooling towers. Ensure the distance between the towers, with good airflow conditions, to avoid affecting the cooling tower. For different circulating cooling water quality should take Chemistry (sterilization, algae, etc.), Physics (filtering) water treatment methods, corrosion,scale with water treatment, reduce pipeline and units within the scaling and corrosion. Under certain conditions, settings and fire water tank to reduce the fire water tank cleaning water. Use fire test drainage, fire-fighting water returns to the fire water tank. Increase the fire water tank, fire water tank of water treatment equipment.
2.4 automatic control and measurement
Buildings should set construction and drainage automated monitoring system (temperature setting and control, pool, water tanks of alarm and monitoring). Pump water supply pipe network end pressure gauges should be adopted to control the pump speed of operation. Places for different needs and conditions of use, should reinforce feed consumption metering. Residential water metering should be provided with household water use. Residential building energy saving should be making a distinction, for thermal measurement and regulation equipment for heating systems. Public buildings should be designed and installed by heat metering and indoor temperature regulation and control system and remote heat supply system control device. Cooling-water supplement water, boiler make-up water, green water, water make-up water, swimming pools added water, steam should set the meter measured. Other independent measurement of piping systems (such as road poured water, car wash washing water, ground water, etc) yishe meter metering. Enterprises and institutions, student hostels in public bathrooms, shower, etc to the credit card (or IR, foot switch) to water.
2.5 other
In the selection of equipment, materials, should use energy-saving, water-saving and other energy-saving and efficient product, you should disable obsolete products. To promote the chemical building materials, and perform construction administration departments under the State Council shall be formulated and published by building energy-saving new technology, new technology, new equipment, new materials, new product promotion, directories, and restrict or prohibit the use of energy consumption and high technology, equipment, material and product catalog. Water saving, energy-saving products such as: Jet and pressure flow impact of water-saving stool (wash water ¡ü 6L/time), free water for urinal, ceramic chip airproof tap, infra-red water-saving devices, self balance pressure thermostatic mixing valves, water-saving heat exchangers, floating water small shengdianxing cooling towers, solar water heater, high-efficiency pump, obsolete products, such as:; high-rise residential, multi-tiered public building of domestic water supply pipeline to prohibit design, the use of galvanized steel; community building project design, in the prohibition of the use of underground drains and cement pipes of cast iron; towns new houses out of sand casting drainage cast iron pipe. In industrial buildings should be used in the production of water-saving, energy-saving technology and equipment. Attention to strengthening the equipment and pipeline of thermal insulation properties, should use high quality insulation materials, and ensure effective insulation thickness. Domestic hot water pipe insulation thickness of economy refer to table 1. For tube media temperature is 7 ° c room temperature, the use of flexible foam rubber and plastic design thickness should be dew requirements calculation; for tube media temperature 0 ~ 95 ° c hot water pipe is not appropriate to adopt flexible foam rubber and plastic materials for insulation.

In pump design choices, the operating point should rest with the pump curve Q-H high end, pump selection operating point should fall on the right side of the high end. Hot water boilers, water heaters, heat exchangers and other equipment should be highly efficient, energy saving, using high-quality valves, ball valves and other accessories. In the green water, to minimize the use of non-drinking water may be rain, water, and other miscellaneous drainage; make the best use of the outdoor pipe water residual pressure water supply; green water use of drip irrigation, spraying, water-saving techniques. In road poured water, to minimize the use of non-drinking water may be rain, water, and other miscellaneous drainage, make full use of the outdoor pipe water top pressure water supply. In car washing, washing water in the ground, to minimize the use of non-drinking water may be used in water, rain water, drainage, and miscellaneousOn irrigation and water recycling. In the swimming pool water use, water use water, recycle as much as possible, set up water treatment plant.


3 construction and drainage water-saving energy-saving and features, and economic relations

Energy-saving and function 3.1
Application of energy-saving construction and drainage technology is a comprehensive application of engineering and technology. In pursuit of energy saving at the same time, the need to meet the water supply and drainage design basic functional requirements, not attending, lose the functional requirements of energy-saving is meaningless. Do not appear to save energy and water conservation on behalf of some neither energy and water conservation, environmental protection measures. The fundamental problem is that energy conservation value adjustment, the design should establish a comprehensive system of values. Energy-saving construction and drainage is the key to start from the system. Reasonable system design requires not only satisfy the usage function and meet the energy requirements. Energy needs of a variety of techniques for integrated application, combined with the architectural characteristics, regional circumstances take a different combination of energy-saving mode. Rainwater collection and sand-water seepage brick application technology, ecological sewage treatment system and application technology in water reuse is energy-saving construction and drainage and handles better way. At the same time, it is also necessary to design functional changes caused by energy issues for processing. Inverter technology (such as frequency booster water supply equipment, etc.) the power savings building, but the resulting high-frequency harmonics, internal pressure to lower electrical appliances easy to produce impact damage, it saves the energy consumption of economic benefits may also be insufficient to compensate for the loss.

Energy-saving and water-saving 3.2
Construction of water supply and drainage of integrated energy-saving technology is also water-saving technologies, water supply and drainage of energy conservation, land, water and material saving potential is great. Water supply and drainage water-saving energy-saving and are interconnected, while in the water-saving often achieves the purpose of energy saving. Energy-saving building water drainage is focused on reducing the long-term use of total energy consumption is a key consideration for saving on water recycling, saving material is focused on industrialization and industrialization. Size of living water as far as possible by economic, land, energy-efficient design principles, from the perspective of saving water, living water tank in the glaze magnetic paint Daubs or stainless material, ensure the health, reduce water pollution and change the water to reduce the waste of water resources, achieve energy-saving purposes. New water pipeline, such as the plastic pipe, stainless steel tube, lining (TU) plastic composite pipe, etc., also in saving water, saving materials and energy. In the application in the residential district drainage plastic check well technology,
You can also reach the purpose of the section.
3.3 energy saving and economy
Construction of water supply and drainage of energy saving is required economic investment, in particular the construction stage. Energy saving should emphasize the benefits of the building as a whole, the objectives, according to the function using the performance, cost-effectiveness of achievingthe intended purpose. In fact, energy is a relative concept, and economic issues are also to be considered, the economics of energy-saving can run over a period of time to get financial returns. This thesis by carefree thesis NET www.51lunwen.com finishing for project construction and drainage clear energy saving effect of technological measures, should be the amount of energy saving, investment and investment payback period for the necessary economic and technical analysis. Design in consideration of technical and economic benefits at the same time, it should also be taken fully into account the nature of energy saving.

Energy saving and operation management 3.4
Construction of water supply and drainage of energy saving and management needs to be strengthened. Energy saving not only in design time, using a system of maintenance management for save energy with essential role. Energy management unit needs to be run on a regular basis on building energy systems for maintenance, inspection, monitoring, maintenance and replacement, timely and clear system failures, ensuring energy system is in a power-saving state. Hierarchical configuration with water meter to ensure items after commissioning energy consumption statistics and management needs. Day-to-day running of the energy consumption is reduced to a significant part of the drainage and energy saving. Reasonable arrangements for the operation mode and the time you can save energy. Such as changes in the schedule time for laundry, use electricity peak and Valley of differences, saving electricity. Energy-saving building water drainage channels is diverse, building energy saving not only the external walls of buildings, heating and air conditioning, lighting, water supply and drainage of energy also have a role. Although the building drainage in energy-saving on the total amount has limitations, but accumulated soil into mountains, wind and rain-water into how; Yuan, Dragon how health; not good and not for the promotion of energy saving of building water drainage is not only desirable, but also be able to make the building's energy consumption.