【 Weak current College 】 solar thermal engineering components and principles – Power By 【 China power house network 】

Solar central heating system is made up of collectors, thermal water, control system, automatic water control box, circulation pump, pipe fittings and other organic combination of heat supply system. It is made up of collectors absorb solar radiation into heat, cold water into hot water; water by automatic control box automatically on the water, and by adjusting the control system achieves: temperature cycle — improve the thermal efficiency; pipeline cycle set — open the faucet that is out of hot water; timing fixed temperature electric heating measures — constant hot water supply; water supply; 24 hour temperature (≤ 0 constant pressure water supply. 6Mpa); antifreeze device — winter as usual. The entire system automatically run, using a secure, easy to maintain. Composite structure, according to the consumption of water, the installation site, the user needs for flexible permutations and combinations. Electrical insulation tank is equipped with a heating device, according to user needs and actual condition, electrical heating power can increase or decrease as appropriate to meet the wet weather and winter with the hot water requirements, achieve photoelectric complementary, microcomputer intelligent control, ensure 24 x 7 x 365 supply plenty of hot water. Solar energy engineering knowledge product selection: as engineering products, not only on product quality have higher requirements, while in the product design or to comply with engineering product requirements. You cannot use the generic product in engineering design, because the market retail products for family use, if the design used in project failure rate is high, the thermal efficiency is low, the design intent. Piping design: design engineering joins the tubing is of particular importance, if the system piping design not prone to water resistance is too big, small, hot water production, supply, sometimes there may be problems such as hot water circuit. Severely affected the normal operation of the system, the pipeline design as possible requires water balance, pipe diameter requirements and system design to match the calculation pipeline reasonable traffic. Secondary energy: solar collector is relying on rain-fed, if encountered rain fog snow weather solar illumination is insufficient, the collector could not get enough energy, solar energy project does not meet the requirements of normal water, then second energy as secondary. Select engineering General solar electric heating, electric boiler, gas boilers, boiler and auxiliary energy devices, device model selection taking into account the maximum rain fog and snow, the hot water demand will avoid affecting normal hot water requirements while achieving economic rationality of the investment. Control system: electric control is an important part of the solar project, it can implement hot water project of intelligent control, such as: automatic water, water full stop, the temperature of the water level display, automatic or scheduled timing electric heating, water and pipeline cycle and the supercharger, etc. Control system selection are particularly important because electric has some instability, high failure rate, need special maintenance. Control system requires formal manufacturers for production, this is a system of quality assurance. Reduce system failure rate, improve the overall performance of the solar project. Water system: solar projects to provide a constant hot water, this would need to have enough water. Generally use the float box as water tools, floating ball box can play a role on the current-limiting solar projects water stable, safe and reliable. In the Northern cold season, you need to make to the float tank insulation necessary increase in internal, guarantee electrical heating in cold water to replenish, does not affect the normal system operation. Solar energy engineering FAQ before you understand, design problems: 1, unit of building conditions: building collector area size, shape,building height and position of allowing tanks (roof, floor, the basement, etc.) are not the same without the same. 2. user requirements: the total amount of daily water use; the user is a daily scheduled once used or ready for use; water temperature; water use; practical use: the bath water, pool heating, pool heating, environment (cultivation or farmed greenhouse) heating. COM 3, geographic location and conditions: according to the user's geographic latitude and winter minimum ambient temperature conditions, four seasons sunshine, Chaoyang direction for Eclipse, analysis of installation conditions. 4. user auxiliary energy conditions: determine the (electric heater, electric boiler, oil, gas boilers, water, land or air-source heat pump, etc.) a program or a combination of the two above. 5 user units of water pressure and voltage: understanding user units of water pressure and voltage and supply. Second, the common design 1, household solar water heater series-parallel programmes. When the user requests are not very high in the case of the more common, suitable for the user conditions relatively simple environment. The installation number then the load is too heavy, for buildings of any adverse impact. Design note on launching the diameter of the charge of road and series-parallel relationship, avoid water supply and water consumption have contradictions. 2. natural circulation design. In the small tonnage is also very widespread in water consumption, water consumption is not suitable for large tonnage. This approach is quite simple, have certain requirements, water tanks and solar collectors, water tanks on the height of the frame you want to calculate the loads and windproof, consistent with the steel structure design code, regardless of what mode of solar collector, the number of series-parallel requires reasonable, consistent with the solar hot water system design, installation and engineering acceptance specification. 3. constant temperature water design. By collectors and tank temperature difference between the control into the cold water will reach the temperature of hot water into the tank top, water tank of hot water with the temperature cycle to continue after the adoption of increased temperature, which is a lot of solar companies currently use. This way when the sunlight conditions generally do not have problems, poor conditions in the sunshine, you should note in this scenario, the timely fill water tank should have a certain amount of water to prevent ganshao electric heater. When the water temperature of the water tank below the set temperature, the required secondary energy equipment in a timely manner, ensuring the user's normal use. In addition, in the design according to user requirements, respectively set either daily scheduled heating method and constant temperature heating mode at any time. In the North have low anti-freeze protection. 4. temperature cycle design. Through the controller settings, make a tank filled with water, the highest level, the use of solar collectors and tank temperature, controlled circulation pump work, unceasingly toL water tank, water temperature in, this is a very practical difference in cycle programmes. Design according to the different uses of water use and water temperature. Daily scheduled on the water, when the minimum water level, automatic water at any time, and ensure a certain amount of water in the tank. According to user requirements, the auxiliary energy equipment can take one or two above. Design according to the needs of users, you can set a daily scheduled heating or fixed temperature heating mode at any time. Requirements in the north low anti-freeze protection.
Third, the controller features and system design: 1, tank temperature display: you can watch the water temperature in the tank, this is the user use frequently need to know about solar system work of important data collector temperature display: you can always watch collectors in the main,this is the system debugging needs to know about solar system work in one of the important factors. 3. water level status display: display with five-level water level, water level status at a glance. This is also a frequent user of important data. 4, regular heating time: set the heating time every day, the controller in reset time under water temperature determine the need to automatically start the heating function. 5. set the heating temperature: setting the scope of the applicable to different user requirements, bath temperature is generally 30 ℃-75 ¡æ is appropriate, in accordance with the requirements set for other purposes, you can set a maximum 99 ℃. 6. set the heating mode: uses regular heating or constant heating. Regular heating is in the set time, daily heating to set the temperature; temperature heating is in the water temperature is lower than the set temperature on certain values and heating of water at any time, to set the temperature when you stop the heating. 7. set the time setting on the water every day on the water time controller in reset time makes the water level to automatically start the Sheung Shui to the highest level only, using solenoid valve or pump can be determined. 8, low water level automatic water: when the water level drops to lowest level, the controller should unconditionally automatic water, ensuring water tank there is plenty of water. 9, water temperature control: the water tank of water temperature according to the purpose to set, bath temperature, greenhouse heating temperature, material drying temperature different needs, the set temperature. Winterizing 10, System: in addition to note the thickness of the insulation material, you can use pipeline emptying method; you can also use the system-wide recycling method or both heating cable protection, when the system temperature reaches the temperature range, you can use the various methods for systematic antifreeze protection. 11, remote monitoring: there are some users need in a location other than the control room needs to understand the solar system is working properly, when the controller work will detect a failure. 12, use hot water temperature cycle: with the use of hot water circulation function, you can make the hot water circulation line always remains with the storage water tank temperature close or identical to the user in any faucet is opened, the hot water to make the user's ease of use with hot water. 13, increase the heating function: according to the set temperature in heating met South and the north part of the heating requirements, production activities (vegetables, flowers, greenhouse) part of the warming and drying room, part of the General energy savings. 14, electrical control cabinet: control cabinet incircuit total controller and tap controller, note the use of power matching of fuses, circuit breakers, earth leakage protection device, relays and AC contactor, when a short circuit or power supply equipment, the total leakage phenomenon and the road divided the controller controller promptly cut off circuit, identify the cause of the failure before recovery. Temperature controllers and electrical control should be installed correctly, you must connect the protective earth. 15. installation forms: according to environmental criteria, you can use a variety of angles, with forced circulation patterns can be from 0 degrees to 90 degrees any installation run. 16, energy storage insulation water tank: appropriate SMC glass assembled insulation tanks or stainless steel modular water tank. The second tank features: clean sanitation, never rusts, in accordance with hygienic standards, light weight, structure reasonable, on-site assembly sites demand is low. Tank design life are in 30 years. External tank with high-performance materials for insulation and protection. 17, lightning protection measures: solar system bodies for metal structures, steel structures and building original lightning system connection, you can effectively prevent lightning strikes. 18, windproof: solar system of steel angle brackets with Slipknot or welding together, collector supports use of angle steel and roof connection or a connection to a fixed location should be consistent with the steel structure design code, to wind effects.