Weak current College 【】 to, drainage works installation tips.

<br> <br> <br> Water supply system <br> 1 indoor water supply system <br> Water supply system's mission is to bring the municipal water distribution or sources of water, meet user's water quality, water quantity, water requirements, .to the point of the indoor water use. According to the use of water supply system can be divided into living water supply system, production of water-supply system and fire water system. The water supply system can be individually set or reasonable sharing system. .<br> (1) composed of indoor water supply system <br> Indoor water supply system by introducing a tube (gas), water meter node, pipe system (dry pipe, pipes, branch pipes), water supply and accessories (valve, .water meter, with taps), etc. When the outdoor pipe water pressure is low, you also need to set the pressurized water supply (pumps, tanks, storage tanks, pressure water sharing equipment, etc.). <br> (2) .the characteristics of water supply and <br> Direct water-supply mode 1) <br> Direct water is indoor water distribution systems directly connected to an external water supply networks, use network pressure water supply. Applies to the external network pressure, water can .often meet water requirements, indoor water no special requirements for single-layer and multi-layer architecture. This kind of water-supply mode is characterized by a reliable water supply, the system simple, low investment, installation, maintenance is simple, you can .make full use of the extranet water pressure, saving energy. However, no storage device within the extranet to be shut off the water when internal immediately. When the outdoor water distribution system water quality, water quantity, water pressure can meet building internal water requirements ., should first consider the use of such water. When the outer pipe pressure does not meet the requirements of the water used for buildings, indoor water supply pipe network may use the partition mode, low area water supply pipe network direct, high district water supply .pipe network in other ways. <br> 2) separate water tank water supply <br> Single set cistern is indoor network connects directly with the external network, the use of external water supply network pressure, also set the high water regulating the flow and .pressure. Applies to the external network is insufficient hydraulic cyclical pressure stability, indoor requirements allows you to set the high water tank of the building. This way the water supply more reliable, the system simpler, more investment, installation, maintenance is simple, you .can make full use of the extranet water pressure, saving energy. Set the high water tanks to increase the structural loads, if the tank is not enough, could result in the suspension. <br> 3) tank, pump water way <br> .The cistern, the water pump is outdoor supply to the cistern, the pump will water pool water rises to the Interior of the water pipe network. Applies to the external network of indoor water meet, while not enough water for most of the time. When .the room one day of water uniform, constant speed pumps can be selected; when water is not uniform, the use of variable speed pump, water pump running in high mode. This water supply is safe and reliable, no high water tanks, no additional .structural loads. But outside the network of water pressure is not fully exploited. In order to secure supply, many cities in China's architectural community set the cistern and concentrate pumping station, scheduled or full-day water supply and water supply in this community. < .br> 4) pumps, tanks of water ways <br> Water pumps and water tanks of water is water pump from the cistern water pressure, the flow of regulating use of high water, the water pressure in the external network is high or water supply .. Applies to the external network pressure often insufficient or interruption, allows you to set the high water tank of the building. Set up water tanks, water reserve certain outage can delay, supply reliable, you can make full use of the extranet water pressure, .saving energy. Installation, maintenance, more trouble, investment is large; pump vibration and noise; the need to set high water tanks to increase the structural loads. <br> 5) vertical division water way <br> For layers more buildings, outdoor .water supply network pressure does not meet the indoor water flat, vertical partitions. The district's water-supply mode are: <br> ① low area direct water, low zones of water storage tank, water pumps, water tanks of water supply <br> .This water supply is low and outside the network direct attached, use external network direct supply water pressure, low area use pump lifting, regulate the flow of water tanks. Applies to the external network pressure often insufficient and does not allow direct pumping, allows you .to set the high water tank of the building. In the external network is insufficient for low water pressure and seasonal areas water is difficult, and low area of pipeline components, and valve usually cut off the water when you open the valve by the lowering of .the water tank for water use in the low areas. Water tank, water tanks, water reserve a certain amount of water, power outages, you can delay when high district water supply, water supply reliability. You can use some external network pressure, low .energy consumption. Installation and maintenance more trouble, investment is large, a water pump vibration, noise and interference. <br> ② partition parallel water way <br> Partition settings tank and pump, water pump set layout (generally installed in the basement) .. Applies to allow sections set the water tank of tall buildings, wide adoption. The independent running of noninterference, reliable water supply, water pump set layout makes it easy for maintenance management, energy consumption is relatively small. Material consumption, pump models more, .invest more, water occupation of building upper area. The pump should adopt the same model in different series of multistage pumps, where possible, low area should use external network direct supply water pressure. <br> ③ parallel direct water way <br> Partition .settings variable speed pump or multiple parallel pump, pump water from the storage pool. Water under the water or water pressure, regulation of water pump rotational speed or run number. Applicable to various types of high-rise buildings. This way the water supply more .reliable water supply, equipment layout set, ease of maintenance, without building the upper area, less energy consumption. Pump model number, number, and the investment is high, the need to set the pump control regulation device. <br> ④ air pressure .tank parallel water way <br> Districts adopt water pump from the cistern pumping pressure, hydraulic pneumatic tank regulating use and control of the pump running. As shown in Figure 5.1.8. Applies to high water tank should not be set. Pressure tank water .-supply mode has the advantage of good water quality and health conditions, water pressure can be adjusted within a certain range. But pressure water tank of the storage of the smaller, the pump starts heavily, working under the pressure of pump, the average low .efficiency, energy consumption and running costs, greater pressure variations, use feedwater fittings for buildings is adversely affected. <br> ⑤ partition in-line water way <br> Partition settings tank and pump, water pump DivisionSan layout, since the area of water .tank pumping for use on the district. Applies to allow sections set the water tank and pump of high-rise buildings (such as senior industrial building). This water way short of the overall pipeline, a provincial investment, energy consumption is relatively small. .But the poor water supply independence, the region affected by restrictions on the following areas; pump decentralized setting, management and maintenance of inconvenience; pump located in the habitable, due to the vibration noise interference; pumps, tanks are located in the floor, take .up buildings use area. <br> ⑥ partition tank vacuum water way <br> Partition settings tank, pump and tank pressure, using uniform pressure on the area for the following areas with water. Applies to allow sections set the water tank, electric power .supply, prices lower in high-rise buildings. This way the number of pumps for water, maintenance and management; district decompression tank is small, less total construction area. The area affected by the last area of water supply, energy consumption is relatively large .. Roof tank, increased the building load. Where possible, lower layer should use external network in the middle of the water supply, water directly into the mains water tank installed valve on the best case the ball valve damage and slow down the water hammer. .<br> ⑦ partition valve vacuum water way <br> Uniform pressure pump, only at the top-level setting water tank, water use valve under area. Suitable for power supply, prices lower in high-rise buildings. This manner of equipment, .pipes, investment, equipment layout set for easy maintenance, does not occupy the upper area of the building. Pressure loss under the area of water supply, energy consumption is relatively large. According to the building, reducing valve can have a variety of settings, .such as water pressure, water standpipe decompression, distribution stem decompression, SubMain decompression etc. <br> (3) the arrangement drinking water distribution system <br> Water supply system by the laying of water supply network, can be arranged on the following line .to the type, follow to the type and the three-ring water supply pipe network. Its main advantages and disadvantages as shown in the table below <br> Outdoor water-supply system <br> Outdoor water-supply system is mandated to draw water .from the water, in accordance with user requirements on water quality and water treatment to the water zone and water distribution to users. <br> (1) the composition of outdoor water supply system <br> Water supply system typically consists of the following components .: water intake structures (from the selected source (including ground water and surface water source) intake), water treatment structures (the raw water intake to be processed to meet user requirements on water quality.) Pumping station (for the required amount of water .to the height of the requirements, can be divided into extracting raw water pumping station, conveying water level-level pumping station and located in the network of booster pumping station.), Optimalization and pipelines (water is the source water to the water plant of .pipe drainage, water distribution network is the processed water delivery to all users of water supply area.), Regulating structure (it includes Highlands water tank, water tower, clean water tank, etc. Water used for the storage and conditioning. Highlands water tank .and water tower and assured the role of water pressure). <br> (2) water distribution network in the layout and the laying of the way <br> Water distribution network can according to user requirements for water supply, arranged tree network and ring .network in two forms. Tree-structured network from pumping or water tower to the user's pipeline arranged dendritic, just in one direction. Poor water supply reliability, low investment. Ring-NET dry pipe connection into before and after connecting, the ring, water .supply reliability, apply to the supply of water is not allowed to break areas. Water distribution network generally buried laying thickness of not less than the Earth, and frozen 0.7m below. Usually along the road or parallel to the building. Water distribution valve and .valve Internet settings. <br> 3 indoor water supply system installation <br> (1) water supply piping installation <br> 1) various pipe specifications, performance, and connectivity <br> ① steel pipe <br> Water supply pipe is commonly .used in low pressure fluid transport galvanized welded and seamless steel pipe. Low pressure fluid transport galvanized welded steel pipe is applied to the water supply system of a pipe. Steel galvanized aims to rust and corrosion, prevent water quality deterioration, contamination and extend the service .life of pipes. Adoption of the whorl. Seamless steel tube with high pressure capability. General welding. <br> ② water supply pipe <br> PVC pipe for water supply (UPVC), conveying water temperature does not exceed 45 ° c. UPVC .pipe generally use the socket connection, where the socket to the outer diameter of the adhesive suitable for 20 ~ 160mm; rubber ring connection applies to the outer diameter ≥ 63mm; and metal fittings, valves, etc. to connect with threaded or flange connection. .UPVC pipe thread connection, use of PTFE sealing belt as sealing filler, not thick white paint, ramie yarn. <br> Water polypropylene pipes (PP pipe), applies to system working pressure no more than 0.6Mpa, working temperature is not greater than .70 ℃. Use feedwater polypropylene pipe socket connection hot. Connect with metal fittings, use with metal insert of polypropylene pipes as a transitional, the fitting and use of polypropylene pipes, hot melt socket connection and metal fittings with threaded connection. <br> Plastic .pipes for water supply and there are other, and replace the galvanized welded steel tubes. <br> ③ cast iron pipes for water supply <br> Water supply for cast iron pipe with corrosion-resistant, long life, but the pipe wall thickness, .brittle, strength is poor, used for steel pipe DN ¡ .ý 75mm of water pipeline, especially suitable for underground laying. Use feedwater cast iron pipe socket connection, in the major traffic arteries etc. larger lot vibration using green lead interface. <br> In recent years in a large, tall buildings, the ductile .iron pipe design for general application in the standpipe, indoor water supply system. Ductile iron pipe compared with ordinary on cast iron pipe wall thin, high strength. Ductile iron pipe with rubber ring mechanical interface or socket interface, they can be threaded flange connections. .<br> ④ other pipes <br> Brass and stainless steel pipe strength greater than plastic pipe hard, good toughness, it cracks, broken, has good impact resistance, high ductility, can be made of thin-walled tube and fittings. More applicable .to the high-rise building water and hot water supply system. <br> Composite pipe is metal and plastic hybrid materials, aluminum-plastic composite pipe and steel-plastic composite pipe, it is a combination of metal pipes and plastic pipes, scope of .application, is very promising water supply pipe. .Suitable for transporting water, domestic hot water. <br> 2) indoor water supply pipe installation <br> Indoor water pipeline laying Ariake-mount, or concealed two forms. Ming installed, pipeline along the walls, beams, ceiling, floor, Department .of the parallel laying. Concealed, water supply pipelines laid in ceiling, technology layers, pipe Groove and shaft. Sanitary pipes can be laid on the wall. Concealed should consider piping and accessories for the possibility of installation and maintenance, such as ceiling remain active .maintenance mouth, shaft left access door. <br> Water supply pipe installation order should be introduced into the tube, the level of the main pipe, and riser installation, horizontal branch pipe installation, ie According to the direction of flow of water. < .br> Understanding the service pipe, sewer, risers, pipes, plastic pipes and accessories-installation requirements. <br> 3) pipeline protection <br> Master the pipeline anticorrosion and pipeline antifreeze condensation methods and requirements. <br> 4) hydraulic test .<br> Master the hydrostatic test pressure requirements and test methods <br> 5) pipeline washing, disinfection <br> Master the pipeline washing, disinfection process requirements <br> (2) water supply equipment set <br> Water supply equipment including pumps ., tanks, storage tanks, pressure water sharing equipment, etc. <br> 1) pump <br> Water pump is the liquid common machinery and equipment. In building water systems generally use a centrifugal pump. <br> Master the pump set requirements .. <br> Outdoor water distribution network allows direct water absorption, water pump water directly from the outside network, suction pipe with valves, check valves and pressure gauge, and should be set up around the pump is fitted with valves of the by-pass .pipe. Pump suction, outdoor pipe pressure not less than 0.1Mpa (starting from the ground). <br> Each pump should be installed on the outlet check valve, valves and pressure gauge. And security measures, such as water hammer pneumatic hammer, .slow closing valves, etc. Building water pumps damping measures should be set. <br> Water pump works have since irrigation and pumping. General use since irrigation, if designed for pumping, should provide diversion device, such as bottom valve, the water ring .vacuum pump, water-bottom valve and the suction pipe valve and so on. <br> General high buildings, large civil buildings, residential communities and other large water supply system equipment with pump. Spare pump capacity should be the largest single pumps are the .same. <br> 2) water tank <br> Tank for water storage and stable water pressure. Water tank volume including effective volume (life regulation volume, fire standby reserve water water, accident) and invalid volume (ultra high portion, water pipe .to the bottom part of the volume). Set the height of the water tank should be the minimum level of elevation meet most adverse distribution point or fire hydrant outflow of head requests. If location height does not meet the requirements, you can set pressure water .supply equipment. <br> 3) tank <br> When the outdoor network capacity cannot meet the water indoor water supply system, you should set the cistern. When the outdoor supply capacity enough, but not allow pump pumping directly from outside the network, .you can set water wells. The cistern is generally more arrangement in the room in the basement. <br> The cistern is usually made of reinforced concrete, using various types of steel or grp. Tank should have a fles, outlet, snorkel, overflow .pipe and drain piping (probably), manhole (should be stamped with the lock), ladder and the level meter. Overflow pipe drainage should stop and insect NET. <br> The cistern of effective volume and outdoor water supply capacity, user requirements and .building nature, water, fire and life adjustment reserve water and production of water-related incidents. <br> 4) pressure water sharing equipment <br> Pressure water sharing equipment is a way to set the storage, regulation and pressure water features in one .device. Workflow is the water to the Park's water pressure in the sealed pressure tank to the highest level, in the role of compressed air in closed water tank will be sent to all the water used in the building. <br> Pressure water sharing equipment .there is constant pressure type, variable type, gas water contact and diaphragm and other forms. The user has no special requirements for hydraulic pressure, often using variable-General water supply equipment. User requirements for stable water pressure in the pressure-water service pipes .installed pressure regulating valve, control valve after the water pressure in the requested range, so that the network is in constant pressure. <br> Drainage system <br> 1 drainage system classification <br> Drainage system according to the accepted waste types, can .be divided into sewage piping systems and industrial waste water pipe system and roof rainwater piping systems. <br> 2 drainage system <br> Building drainage system by combined and triage system. <br> 3 indoor drainage systems <br> The basic requirements of .the drainage system is quickly accessible to exclude building waste to ensure that drainage systems in air pressure fluctuations do not cause damage to the seal. It consists of the following parts: <br> (1) health apparatus or equipment affected by water, is the .starting point of the drainage system. <br> (2) water bends, is connected in sanitary ware and drainage pipes between fittings to prevent drainage of rotting flesh, harmful gases, insects etc through drains into the rooms. If health apparatus itself with water .bends, it is no longer installed. <br> (3) sewerage system, consisting of horizontal drainage pipes, drainage pipes, pipe buried and discharge tube dry. Cross-drainage pipe is health apparatus or other equipment flow to effluents to the risers. .Drainage pipe is connected to the drain pipes of vertical duct. Buried sewer connection the drainage pipe. Exhaust tube indoor discharges to outdoor first manhole. <br> (4), snorkel is indoor drainage and drain pipes of atmospheric air, reducing pressure fluctuations in .the air, protect water bends the seal is intact. Commonly used form of apparatus snorkel, circular snorkel, security, snorkel, private, snorkel, and snorkel. <br> (5) clearing equipment, dredging discharge pipe, guarantee unimpeded. drainage Including .inspection, cleaning and Interior manhole. <br> 4 outdoor drainage systems <br> Outdoor drainage system by drainage pipes, manhole, foodstuffs and water wells and rainwater and sewage treatment plants, etc. Outdoor sewage excludes systems and rainwater exclude system can be combined .or split-system. <br> 5 pipes for drainage pipes and connections <br> Drain used buildingDrainage pipe (UPVC) and fittings or flexible interface mechanisms for cast iron pipe and fittings. By teaming washbasin or drinking water sprinkler to share water drain pipes .and connections between health apparatus of drainage pipe, you can use the pipe. <br> Drainage pipe connection methods are flexible spigot connection and bonding. Plastic pipe and cast iron pipe connections, use a dedicated accessories; plastic pipe and steel pipe and drainage plug .connection with dedicated accessories. <br> 6 drainage pipe installation <br> Indoor drainage pipe exhaust pipes, General press risers, snorkel, pipes and sanitary ware installed in the order. You can also order with civil construction for drainage pipe installation of layering. .<br> Master the various pipe installation requirements <br> 7 ventilation tube installation <br> Master the stretched roof ventilation tube and assisted ventilation system installation requirements <br> 8 clearing equipment <br> Master the various clearing device installation requirements, in the .form of master floor drain <br> <br>.