【 Weak current College 】 relay control principle of elevator

The first section of the signal control elevator overview of features
Preface

Since the lift has been mostly adopts microcomputer control system over the network, serial communication and intelligent management, variable frequency etc. technology allows the reliability and comfort of elevator greatly enhanced, traditional relay control system has exited the stage of history. So many elevator peer on the relay control system is very strange. In fact, the elevator control logic or relay control system gradually evolved. In particular, want to learn more about the application and PLC programming friend because PLC ladder diagram structure and relay circuit diagrams are very similar, and we contact the elevator control system, how many there are also some relay circuit, so the person as an elevator repair technicians, we need to relay control system has some understanding. Now we take XH (signal control) Elevator, for example, to familiarize yourself with the relay control principle of elevator.

Signal control elevator overview of features

This system for the drivers to the operating system. In sedan handling box equipped with corresponding number of stations of instructions button. Each room is fitted with a door call boxes. To back up only one direction of the call button. Also equipped with a top-down direction of the call button. Middle tier stations equipped with two, namely the up and down the call button.

When someone needs to travel outside the Office elevator requirements under destination, press the up or down the call button, call signal has been registered. At the same time sedan handling box is displayed on a layer with call request and buzzer. Drivers need the call request, press the corresponding layer station instructions button. Floor standing instructions are registered and displays. Elevator control system based on the current car's position and the requirements of the directive, automatically determining thedirection and the direction of the control box is displayed on the button.

Drivers under the direction of the display, press the up or down direction buttons, elevator door to door to begin all closed, Elevator up running, through pressure drop after starting, accelerating access to steady speed Express running. The elevator runs, installed in the hall door floor monitor constantly refresh your current car's location. When the elevator arrival destination layer, automatically by the express into climbing, and through regenerative braking the elevator speed step-down. Elevator reaching leveling locations to stop running, brake brake. Then lift the door, and completed a process of elevator operation.

Elevator maintenance status of the operation: elevator control box, car top, rooms are equipped with a maintenance switch and uplink and downlink button when in maintenance, lift off the automatic redirect, express start loop, so that you can only run in slow elevator. Maintenance personnel, as long as you press the up or down button, the elevator is slow uplink or downlink. But maintenance has priority level, that is, the car top operation to the highest priority.

The second section of the main circuit
1. the main circuit schematics

2. principle description

(1) elevator starts up when you start running, express contactor K pick-up, upward direction contactor S. Because just startup contactor 1A yet pick-up, 380V through resistance reactance RQA, XQ connected motor Express, winding motor start running.

(2) after 2 seconds delay, contactor 1A snap-action, shorted, resistance reactance rose to motor voltage 380V. Elevator after an accelerated last reached steady speed Express running.

(3) elevator to deceleration point, on the direction of the contactor S remains pick-up, but express K release, 1A release, climbing M. Because the motor remains high-speed operation status, motor into renewable power brake status. If slowwinding directly to 380V access, the braking torque is too strong, and the rapid decline in the elevator speed, comfort. So will need ratings slowdown. First let the reactance of the power series resistance, reducing slow coil on fast running motor braking force. After a certain time, contactor 2A, shorted part of resistance increase braking distances. Then 3A, 4A rating also, so that the elevator speed pick-up gradual transition to stable speed slow-running state.

(4) Elevator access point leveling, S, M, 2A, 3A, 4A at release, motor power failure, brake brake so that the elevator stops running.


Principle description
By rectifiers from 110V DC, positive pole fuse received through 1RD received 02 line, anode by fuse 2RD received 01 line.

The elevator all the security components in the switch series, control power relay JY, as long as the security components in any one of the only protection that will Sever JY relay coil power, JY released.

02-line by JY relay normally open points received 04 line, so that when the elevator normal electricity, 04 and 01, application between 110V DC, cut the line, make 04 behind all through 04 number control of relay disconnection.

RY series a resistor is played a less voltage protection. As you know, when the relay coil get 110V electric pick-up, 110V power reduced to a certain extent, the relay coil pick-up can be maintained. Here, when the elevator was electric, initially by JY normally closed contact (15, 16) so that the voltage is 110V JY relay pick-up, pull-in, JY once the normally closed contact (15, 16) number of open immediately, so that the resistance of the coil RY series into the circuit, the JY JY at a maintained voltages.

So when the external power supply is unstable voltage, voltage 01, 02, JY relay first pioneered in other relay, a less voltage protection.

In the elevator shaft in each is equipped with a magnetic sensors, namely 1YG, 2YG, 3YG, 4YG, 5YG, while in the car with a long bar across the magnet plate, if the elevator from the 1/f up running, the other magnet plate turn into the sensor. When every other magnet plate insertion sensor, the sensor inside the dry contact closure, control the floorRelay 1JZ ~ 5JZ pick-up.

According to the action of the 1JZ ~ 5JZ, control 1JZ1 ~ 5JZ1 corresponding actions. Seen from the circuit 1JZ1 ~ 5JZ1 has a snap-action since the hold function, so there is always a 1JZ1 ~ 5JZ1 and only one pick-up only.

(1) normal state of the door: when the driver input sedan instruction, direction elevator automatically fix, drivers and then press the direction buttons to start relay when closed, the control closes 1JQ pull-in JGM pull-in relay. Control door motor direction to close the door. The door is completely closed the door in the end, interrupt, cut off limit 3GM JGM circuit, door stops running.

(2) the maintenance of State of the door: the elevator is in maintenance status, pull-in, overhauling relay JM here took control box on the door knob AGM ammonium, JGM pick-up.

(3) normal state of the door: the lift to the station dockable, shaped in the cabin door area sensors into the floor of the septum magnet plate, the Mun relay JMQ pick-up. Waiting for the elevator stopped altogether, 4JAS ↓ → ↑ → JMQ 1JQ ↓ → JYT ↓ → JGM ↓, open relay JKM pick-up. Door to door directions of rotation, the elevator door opened. When the door is fully open, cut open the door into place limit 2KM, release, open end JKM.

(3) maintenance of State of the door: repair status, only in the elevator stops running JTY ↓, press the AKM enables JKM pick-up, elevator door open.

(4) Elevator doorway of deceleration:

Door: when the JKM pick-up, current on the one hand, on the one hand by DM through open resistance RKM, from M2 M3 to door» to door directions of rotation, because this resistance value when RKM, streaming through RKM. So the door faster. When the elevator doors close to 3/4 stroke, make the switch gear spacing 1KM connected, shorted out RKM most resistance increased by RKM triage, which makes motor speed reduction to achieve the reduction function.

Closed: JGM pull-in, current on the one hand, on the one hand by DM through closing resistor RGM from M3 → M2, door to door directions of rotation. Because the RGM resistance value is large, the RGM triage smaller, so the door faster. When the elevator close to half of the stroke, the closed level speed limit 1GM connected, short took part of the RGM resistance increases from RGM triage, gantry crane implementation level reduction. The elevator doors continue to close to 3/4 stroke, through to secondary gear spacing 2GM, shorted RGM's most resistance from RGM triage further increased and further lower the elevator speed, has realized the second-class deceleration of the door.

Adjust the switch circuit total pressure resistance RMD, you can control the total speed switch.

Because when the crane JY pull-in excitation winding DMO has power, so when the JKM or JGM release, can make motor immediately into dynamic braking, door stops immediately. And in the elevator doors closed, can provide a braking force to ensure that the car can not be easily scrape the elevator doors.

(5) base station lock staircase at the switch:

When off the lock staircase, Elevator up to the base station, the base station spacing KT closed, drivers need to shut down the sedan safety switch ZA, cut off the safety loop, on the other hand make 02 line to line no. 20 (see safe loop), in this way, the driver through the operation base station Hall door keys YK to control the action of JGM JKM or to make the lift switch.


If the ladder in the 2 floor, 5th floor, the driver presses, the instruction A5J 5/f directive relay J5J pick-up, lift immediately set on orientation (see automatic directional circuit), through JKS1 (17), J5J (12, 6), maintain that signal J5J from being registered. When the elevator runs up to 5 floor action, enter the deceleration 5JZ1, 1A release by 5JZ1 (11, 12), 1A (7, 8) J5J relay coil ends short circuit, discharge energy, achieving J5J.

Elevator is docked at the top of the layer, the layer command was not accepted.
Assuming that the elevator in a building, 3rd floor, it was then when the down button fastly, 3/f, A3X down call relay J3X snap-action, through the J3X (6, 12) contact since maintained. Call signal is registered. At the same time, press the control beep relay A3X JL pick-up, sedan buzzer. Remind drivers someone called ladder.

When the elevator runs up to 3 floor, pull-in, if 3JZ1 elevator didn't continue upstream, JKS1 release by 3JZ1 (13, 14), JKS1 (5, 11), JQ (5, 11) ends the J3X coil shorted, achieving elimination number. If you still have the lift, i.e. JKS1 uplink signals, pull-in, J3X needless. Required to be completed, on xingwu ren 3 downstairs to evade the return of the passengers, to eliminate numbers.

Elevator stop in this layer, such as not running, the call is not registered for this layer. If you have run the direction, the same call is not registered, reverse calls can be registered.
Automatic orientation:

Status of 1JZ1 ~ 5JZ1 reflects the current car's actual location, regardless of the location in the cabin, the corresponding nJZ1 always put A to B this bar is divided into two paragraphs. Thus, if the command signals the floor is bigger than the cabin position the floor, the power can only be achieved through the upper part of the AB bar and put through the upward direction relay JKS, JKS1. Conversely, if the command signals of floor less than car location floors, the power can only be achieved through the lower part of the AB bar and put through the down direction relay JKX, JKX1. This is the principle of the automatic redirect.

Leveling, Mun relay:

In the cabin side is equipped with 3 only permanent magnetic sensors, the top-most layer to relay on YPS,In the center of the gate area sensors YMQ, following the leveling sensors YPX.

In Wells road, each is equipped with a septum magnet boards, a location in the layer, this three sensors should just insert all other magnet plate. Separately driven on flat layer relay JPS, lower-layer relay JPX, Mun relay JMQ.

When the driver presses the floor direction, the direction of elevator automatically fix, JKS or JKX action. At this point the driver under the direction of the prompt press upward direction button (AYS) or down direction button (AYX), then up relay (JFS) or down relay (JFX) pick-up, driver door start relay 1JQ pick-up, the door began to shut down.

Door closed end, door pick-up, directed by original JKS or start relay JKX, driven, Elevator JQ pull-in began running Express.

In Wells road, the highest and lowest layer has a forced speed limit 2KW and 1KW. When the elevator reaches the end stop deceleration, disconnect the forced speed limit switch, compulsory to JQ release, Elevator stop express runs into the local State.
Door lock JMS:

In each room door and car doors are equipped with door interlock switch, closing only when the entire sector, all doors closed electrical interlock with point, door lock relays JMS pick-up, elevator to run.

Overhaul JM:

In sedan and sedan are fitted with a maintenance switch, switch to the maintenance and repair, overhaul, Elevator relays JM pick-up is in maintenance status.

Brake coil: DZZ

In the following four States, the brake coil have electricity, brake open:
(1) express the uplink, ↑, K + S.

(2) express train line, that is, X +, K +.

(3) slow uplink, ↑, ↑ M S.

(4) slow down, i.e. X ↑, ↑ M.

The lift starts to run, because 1A, 2A is not closing, they normally closed contact to RZ1 short-circuit, DZZ to 110V DC voltage, the elevator is started after a time delay, pull-in, make resistance 1A RZ1-line to DZZ coil, DZZ voltage drops to around, as maintaining 70V. The role of capacitance C8 to DZZ voltage drop from 110V to maintain voltage is a transition process, prevent DZZ voltage transient and cause malfunction. Resistance of DZZ RZ2 constitute discharge circuit.

In order to prevent the conversion from the express elevator to climbing M K, there is a power failure of DZZ moments, so I put in the JK time delay relay, thereby ensuring the brake will not happen twice.

Run the relay JYT:

When the elevator uplink or downlink contactor S contactors X snap-action, running relay JYT snap-action, which means that the elevator is running.
When the driver presses the button to start the closing direction, through the JYT, 1JQ J1SA pick-up, through R1SA to capacitance C1SA charging, when the elevator runs, not JYT ↓, J1SA immediately release, C1SA through R1SA on discharge, J1SA J1SA still suck in one period of time, so it is delayed release relays J1SA. When J1SA release, level speed contactor 1A pick-up, elevator after buck starts to level acceleration after steady speed Express status (see running the loop).

Elevator Express running, J2SA, J3SA, State is closing J4SA, once transferred to climbing, M ↑ → J2SA delay release → ↑ → J3SA 2A delayed release → 3A ↑ → J4SA delay release → ↑ 4A, level 1, level 2, 3-stage reduction gear.

Climbing in express go, JK was delayed delay.
If the elevator from the 1st floor to the 4th floor. J4J pick-up.

Lift up, when every other magnet plate into the 4 floor sensors, 4JZ pick-up, stop trigger relay JTQ delay release.

By J4J, 4JZ, JTQ delay break-contact (1, 7), through to stop relay JT, Elevator access speed.

Stop trigger the relay delay time best JTQ 0.1 seconds, its role is to ensure the elevator arrives at a Club level, no longer responds to the floors of parking instructions. For example, you in the elevator to the fourth floor, when passing through 3 floor, 3/f, and then enter thecommand, the elevator will be mem 3/f, instruction, and not the answer. If the delay too long JTQ, you probably agreed to this parking instructions, at which time the deceleration distance is enough, causing red layer.
Express uplink: JQ pull-in makes express pick-up, contactor K (loop 1) to express time delay relay JK snap-action, through the direction of the had been fixed, making up run the JKS contactor S closing because does not snap-action 1A, Elevator Express buck starts, after a delay, pull-in, 1A, finally reached the elevator speed express run up the steady speed.

Deceleration: run to the destination layer, JQ release, release, K M. After the release, S K (loop 2) JK (3.8)--S (1, 2)-X (3, 4) to continue to maintain close, climbing up the elevator to run, and through 2A, 3A, 4A make gradual pick-up, of the three levels of deceleration, finally entered the slow speed operation.

When JK release, S adopted (loop 3) JM (13, 14)--JMQ (2, 8)--M (1, 2)--S (1, 2) to continue to protect themselves.

Leveling: elevator continued to slow uplink, leveling sensors on the first floor of the septum magnet plate inserted, then S can (loop 4) JPS (3.8)--JQ (2, 8)--JPX (2, 8), K (3, 4)-JM-(13, 14) pick-up, elevator and then rising to Mun sensor insertion, returnRoad 3 broken, S only through loop 4 pick-up, then insert the leveling sensors, the elevator is leveling, loop disconnect release 4, S, M, Elevator stops running.
XPM-71 schematic symbol table
Button
A1J--A5J 1-5/f instructions button

A1S-A4S 1-4 upstairs call button

A2X-A5X 2-5 down call button

AKM door button

AGM closing button

AYS sedan up button

AYX car downward button

ADS car top up button

ADX car top down buttons

Sensors
1YG-4YG 1-4 floors floor sensors

YPS on leveling sensors

YPX down leveling sensors

YMQ Mun sensors

Relay
J1J-J5J 1-5/f directive relay

J1S-J4S 1-4upstairs call relay

J2X-J5X 2-5 down call relay

1JZ-5JZ 1-5 storey building relay

1JZ1-5JZ1 1-5 storey building control relay

JKM open relay

JGM closed relay

1JQ closed starting relay

JQ start running relay

JKS direction relay on

Auxiliary relay on direction JKS1

Under the direction of relay JKX

Under the direction of auxiliary relays JKX1

JFS up relays

JFX down relay

JMS door lock relays

JY voltage relay

JM overhaul relay

JY run relay

JTQ stop trigger relay

JT-stop relay

J1SA level acceleration time delay relay

J2SA level deceleration time delay relays

J3SA L2 deceleration time delay relays

J4SA III deceleration time delay relays

JK express time delay relays

JL buzzer relay

JPS-layer relay on

Under leveling relay JPX

JXW phase sequence relay

1RT express thermal relay

2RT climbing thermal relay

JMQ Mun relay

Contactor
S uplink contactor

X downlink contactor

K express contactor

M climbing contactor

1A express level speed contactor

2A slow planetary contactor

3A slow art secondary speed contactor

4A climbing III speed contactor

DZZ brake coil

DMO door stator

DM Portal crane rotor

Limit
1KW down forced speed limit

2KW up forced speed limit

Under the Terminal spacing 3KW

4KW on Terminal spacing

KMJ1 express limit

3GM close Terminal spacing

2KM door Terminal spacing

1GM close planetary limit

2GM closing secondary gear limit

1KM switch level speed limit

KT base station spacing

Switch
ZA safety switches

ZT emergency stop switch

KQ Security window switch

KXZ trenches rope switch

Z1 jiaoding overhaul switch

ZM sedan maintenance switch

YK base station Hall open key lock switch

Door lock
KMJ car door interlock

1KMT-5KMT 1-5 floor Hall door interlock

Resistance
RY voltage relay dividing resistors

RZ1 brake pressure resistance

RZ2 brake discharge resistance

RMD total speed adjust resistance Portal crane

RKM door speed adjust resistance

RGM closing speed adjustment of resistance

R1SA level acceleration delay adjustment resistor

R2SA planetary delay adjustment resistor

R3SA L2 deceleration time delay adjustment resistor

R4SA III deceleration time delay adjustment resistor

RTQ stop trigger delay adjustment resistor

RT-stop relay delay adjustment resistor

RK express delay adjustment resistor

R1J-R5J 1-5/f, means the letter kills, resistance

R1S-R4S 1-4 upstairs called Xiao, resistance

R2X-R5X 2-5 downstairs called Xiao, resistance

Capacitance
C8 brake capacitance

C1SA level acceleration delay capacitance

C2SA planetary delay capacitance

C3SA L2 deceleration time delay capacitance

C4SA III deceleration time delay capacitance

CK express train delay capacitance

CTQ-stop trigger delay capacitance

CT-stop relay delay capacitance