【 Weak current College 】 HVAC energy conservation approaches and methods of

科学技术的不断进步，使暖通空调领域新的技术不断出现，我们可以通过多种方法实现暖通空调系统的节能。

1、精心设计暖通空调系统，使其在高效经济的状况下运行

暖通空调系统特别是中央空调系统是一个庞大复杂的系统，系统设计的优劣直接影响到系统的使用性能。 例如系统往往都是按最大负荷设计的，而实际运行基本上是在部分负荷下运行，如果系统各部分的设计不能满足部分负荷运行的要求，那系统的能耗是很大的。 又如新风系统的设计，系统应该能随着室外气象参数的变化改变新风量，以最大限度地缩短主机的开启时间。 可以说空调系统的设计对系统的节能起着重要的作用。

2、改善建筑维护结构的保温性能，减少冷热损失

我们知道对于暖通空调系统而言，通过维护结构的空调负荷占有很大比例，而维护结构的保温性能决定维护结构综合传热系数的大小，亦即决定通过维护结构的空调负荷的大小。 所以在国家出台的建筑节能设计规范和标准中，首先要求的就是提高维护结构的保温隔热性能。

3、提高系统控制水平，调整室内热湿环境参数，尽可能降低空调系统能耗

空调系统特别是舒适性空调系统对人体的作用是通过空气温度、湿度、风速、环境平均辐射温度进行的，人体对环境的冷热感觉是这些环境因素综合作用的结果。 以往的空调控制方式仅仅是测控空气的温度湿度，甚至仅空气温度。 显然是不全面的，势必带来许多问题，如空调系统对人体的作用不直接、当环境变化时对环境的调控不迅速、人体感到不舒适、空调系统的这种调控方式不节能。 热湿环境研究成果的应用，为我们采用新的控制方式方法提供了理论基础。 If you use comfort evaluation indicators i.e. somatosensory index as the air conditioning system control parameters such as the use of PMV or SET * indicators on air conditioning systems for regulation that addresses the traditional control methodologies exist ills, but also to achieve substantial energy savings, according to our preliminary research has shown that this control allows the air conditioning system in the human body comfortable conditions of energy-saving 30%.

4. adopt new energy-saving air conditioning of comfortable health

As discussed above, impact on human thermal comfort in many environmental parameters, different environment parameter combination can get the same effect of thermal comfort, but a different combination of heat and moisture environment of the energy consumption of air conditioning system is not the same

. For example, in the winter, if we use a traditional air conditioning whole indoor air heating, through the air towards the human body and environment of heat and moisture Exchange requires a higher air temperature, and by maintaining the structure of the heat loss and heat loss of heated outdoor air is relatively large. If, based on the analysis of thermal environment of research results, changing the traditional air conditioning, increase the radiant heat (such as low-temperature radiant floor heating), when the air temperature drops sharply declined, can usually be reached 12 ~ 14 degrees, while the traditional approach in General 18 ~ 20 degrees, it is clear that the latter than the former has a significant energy saving effects. In summer there is a similar result.

5. promotion of renewable energy or low grade energy for air conditioning systems

As the air conditioning system is widely used, the air conditioning on non-renewable energy consumption will rise significantly, while environmental destruction is also increasing. How to use renewable energy and low grade energy has become the important research topic. Ground source heat pump system is in such circumstances, it is the constant temperature layer, son of underground soil heat significantly improve air-conditioning system COP value, making the same heating (or cooling) quantity of system energy consumption has declined considerably. In addition, the use of solar energy for heating or refrigeration technology is also in development research.

6, hot and cold recycling application work, achieve energy maximum utilization

Many current and cold air conditioning system also recycling research, such as vigorously air-conditioning system in the exhaust of the total heat recovery for summer use condensing heat of hot water supply, etc, are all on the system and heat recovery, dramatically improves the air conditioning system and energy utilization.

Third, problems and solutions

To achieve energy-saving air-conditioning system, already have many mature conditions, but also has many problems to be solved:

1, HVAC system design management

As mentioned earlier, the air conditioning system design on energy-saving air conditioning system has an important impact. However, in practice often lack access to some of the design department and designer of sufficient importance to enable the design and construction of the system not only at the beginning of the investment, operating power consumption is quite amazing, greatly exceeded the national standards. It was observed that some public buildings air conditioning energy consumption accounted for building energy consumption by 60%. To do this, we need to suggest that the functional departments strengthen HVAC design project management, you can delegate to the relevant technical departments such as the society, and so on design drawings file for rigorous review that does not meet the national standards for energy-saving construction design is strictly prohibited.

2, HVAC system operation management

In addition to the design, we found that operational management also plays an important role. Some units of the air conditioning system, power-on shut down and all the year round only in summer and winter, it is clear that the system conversion operation is not up to the energy saving effect. To this end

Requirements for operation managers not only should have a strong sense of responsibility, for the former was also a need to conduct systematic training and assessment, does not meet requirements, should be to retrain, examination before appointment. In the survey we found that the same set of system management, system of energy consumption, there is even a differenceMore than 50%.

3, a new air conditioner, control methods and new energy technology development and application of

As mentioned earlier, the use of new forms, new control method, not only can significantly increase the thermal comfort and energy efficiency can make system significantly. In my province on new air conditioning and control methods can be said that the country is earlier, and have made some encouraging results, as long as the Government sector slightly will soon support these results can be applied, and industrialization, on the implementation of these projects will be on energy, environment and the economy will play a significant role in promoting.

4, public understanding of the role of air conditioning system concept questions

For the comfort of air conditioning system, from the professional point of view is that the human body has good thermal comfort. And in the community, we often find a concept: think air conditioning in summer and cold winter is getting hotter, the better the effect. This is the starting point with the comfort of air conditioning. In fact, not only does this greatly increases the energy consumption of air conditioning system, while at the same time as the indoor and outdoor temperature increases, also makes the adaptability to different environments, reduce body immunity. These can be changed through advocacy.

5. the use of renewable energy in the air conditioning system for the promotion and application issues

The use of renewable energy in heating ventilation and air conditioning systems, such as ground source heat pump, solar refrigeration, heating system, not only has significant environmental and social benefits, there is a significant economic effect (such as ground source heat pump system), you should strongly promote development. Of course, and any other new technologies, these techniques also exist some problems (such as ground-source heat pump system with heated extraction problems, etc.), or you need further improvement, also requires government departments to the attention and support.

In sum, the HVAC system in occupies important building energy conservation, play an important role in energy technology research, development, and utilization are the HVAC system, building systems and energy-saving basis, the Government departments of the attention and support is achieve substantial energy savings, to produce significant environmental and social benefits and promoting economic development.