Weak current College】 【fire elevator design requirements.

Fire service lift is in building fires for fire-fighting and rescue personnel to use and has a certain feature of the elevator. Therefore, the fire service lift has higher fire safety requirements in the design a tight control on the technical level.
First, the role of the fire service lift and set the scope of the elevator are mainly used in high-rise buildings, is the most vertical linkages, such as the main means of transport were destroyed in the United States the twin towers in 208 elevator. The main types of elevator passenger elevator, elevator service, sightseeing lifts, escalators, lifts and elevators, fire services lifts fire protection in General and passenger elevator, elevator use.
1. set role
Working elevators in fires often because power and does not prevent the use of pyrotechnics, and stop, so set it is necessary to fire the elevator, its main role is: for firefighters to carry fire-fighting equipment into tall; evacuating the injured or sick persons; avoid fire and evacuation personnel in the evacuation of stairs "clash" delayed effect of fire-fighters,; prevent fire evacuation of persons through the stairs to climb a long time, consumption, physical strength is not enough, does not guarantee that rapidly into battle.
2. set the range
The design of high-rise buildings, according to the importance of buildings, height, area, use the properties, set fire lift. Usually building height more than 32 m and is equipped with the elevator of high-rise buildings and building height more than 32 m tall, each fire partitions should be located 1 fire lift; height exceeding 24 m of a building, 10 and 10 storey tower building, 12 and 12 more modular residential and residential construction and architectural tonglangshi height over 32 m in second class, such as high-rise buildings should set fire lift.
3. set the number of
Number of fire elevator based primarily on the floor area. Our provisions, each fire partition at least should set 1 set fire elevator, each floor area of not more than 1500 square meters located 1, more than 1500 square metres but not more than 4500 square meters located 2 units, more than 4500 square meters located 3 units.
4. set location
Fire elevator should be located in different fire zones, to any one partition fire can quickly expand the fight, the plane location convenient to be connected and, on the first floor have direct outdoor exports, or by a long 30 meters of secure channel arrive outside. At design time, it is best to put the fire protection and evacuation staircases and elevator, asylum escape to move closer to the firefighting and rescue people, forming a reliable security zones, two separate staircase also take measures to avoid mutual prejudice formation. In addition, fire zones each room reaches the fire lift safe distance not exceeding 30 m, to ensure that firefighters rescue safety.
Second, the elevator room fire fire design requirements

Fire elevator must be set before the room to smoke and fire fighters. Front room fire design should consider the following:
1. the former room location
The location of the front room should be set by external walls, so that you can use to open the Windows on the wall for natural gas to meet fire protection requirements, and save investment. It requires a whole set of elevator with fire-place is consistent, so that the firefighters arrive quickly, fire elevator entrance into the rescue work.
2. the former room area
The area in front of the Chamber shall be determined by the nature of the buildings, residential buildings should not be less than 4.5 square, public buildings and industrial construction should not be less than 6 square meters. When the fire and smoke stair lift share a front room, front room personnel crossed or stay more, so the area you want to increase the residential buildings should not be less than 6 square meters, public buildings should not be less than 10 square meters, and the short edge of the front room should not be less than 2.5 meters in length.
3. smoke
There should be the former indoor smoke or natural gas facilities, the fire may have a lot of smoke in the vicinity of drain before the Chamber to ensure that firefighters put out the fire and rescue smoothly.
4. set indoor hydrant
Fire Services lifts fire front room should have a vertical tube and fire hydrant. Fire Services lifts fire officer to enter the building on fire part of main attack routes, in order to facilitate an open channel to launch an attack, the room should be set fire hydrant. It is important to note that to set the fire door lower, active small door to facilitate supply belt through the fire door, and not cause Fireworks into the front room.
5. the former room door
Fire service lift front room and corridors of the door should at least use class b fire door or with a stagnation of fire shutter, to form an independent safety areas, but combined with the door before the Chamber cannot take fire shutter.
6. retaining water facilities in the elevator room fire door should set retaining water facilities, to block the fire produces water from here into the elevator.
3. fire elevator shafts and the car of the fire protection design fire elevator is the elevator car by driving up and down in the elevator shaft movement back and forth, so that the system should also have a higher fire safety requirements.
1. ladder wells should be set up independently
Fire service lift stairwell with other vertical tube separately set, not to other uses of cable laying in the elevator shaft, nor in the wall opening hole. And adjacent to the elevator shaft, engine room, the fire resistance rating should be not less than 2 hours of partition wall separated; the door on the partition, you should set a fire door. Well laid flammable gas is strictly prohibited and a, b, c liquid pipelines.
2. fire resistance of the elevator shaft
In order to ensure that any fire elevator in fire situations persist, elevator shaft must have sufficient fire resistance, fire resistance ratings generally should not be less than 2.5 hours up to 3 hours. In-situ reinforced concrete structural fire resistance rating is generally 3 hours.
3. Wells road and capacity
Fire service lift is located in well road should not exceed 2 lift, design, well road to the top of the exhaust fume fever. Cabin load should consider 8 to 10 firefighters weight, minimum should be no less than 800 kilograms net area should not be less than 1.4 square meters.
4. car decoration
Fire service liftCabin interior materials should be used not combustion, the internal pager buttons, and so too should have a fire safety measures to ensure that no tobacco lose heat influence. IV. fire elevator electrical system design requirements of the fire prevention and fire-fighting power of the electrical system is the normal operation of the fire service lift reliable protection, so that the electrical system of fire safety is also critical.
1. fire power fire lift should have two way power supply.
In addition to the daily line provides power, supply the emergency fire elevator dedicated special power supply circuit, and is equipped with clearly marked so that it is not affected by the fire off, the line laying must conform to fire electricity equipment distribution line.
2. dedicated button
Fire service lift should in the first layer for firefighters dedicated action button, the device is unique to fire the elevator button, set in the Almighty fire elevator door lock device. Firefighters a press this button to fire the elevator can be forced to the bottom or any specified floor, at the same time, the work elevator stopped falling to the bottom, fire power began to work, open the exhaust fan.
3. the function convert
Usually, the fire service lift can be used as a working elevators, fire to fire service lift. Its control system should be set switching device, so that the fire can quickly adapt to changing conditions, the special requirements of fire elevator.
4. emergency lighting
Fire elevator and former Interior emergency lighting should be set to ensure the normal work of firefighters. 5. dedicated phone and control button should fire the elevator car is equipped with private telephone and control buttons for firefighters in fire-fighting and rescue in maintaining contacts with the outside world, you can also directly with the fire control centre. Control buttons are firefighters own manipulation of elevator equipment.
5. fire lift fire safety design of the other requirements
1. fire service lift speed stipulated by fire elevator speed from the first floor to the top of the run time does not exceed 60 seconds to determine, for example, the height of 60 meters of construction, to choose speed of 1 m per second fire elevator; height at 90 meters of construction, to choose speed per second 1.5 m fire service lift.
2. bottom drainage facilities should fire elevator bottom drains and drainage facilities. If you fail to fire the elevator in the underground, you can directly use the bottom of the water discharged to the outdoors, to prevent the rainy season water poured in drain wall location set single flow valve. If you cannot directly to outdoor, SDT or next to the creation of a not less than 2 cubic meters of water tank, with a displacement of less than 10 per second of the pump will pool water pumping to the outdoors.